1 year old child development. What should a child at the age of twelve months be able to do? Development of creative abilities per year
The long-awaited moment has arrived: your baby has celebrated his first birthday. This year has been filled with excitement, anxiety and unforgettable moments of happiness. How happy parents are with the skills acquired by the baby! Nevertheless, every attentive and caring mother asks herself the following questions at this milestone: “What can a child do in a year? Is there anything important missing?”
Don't worry if your child's scores don't match the list below 100% (these are averages). Perhaps your baby will be somewhat behind age norms.
Work with your baby - he will soon succeed. Children who have been striving to develop since birth are often ahead of the average, which is a source of special pride for parents.
Basic skills of a one-year-old child
Important article: “Child development by month from birth to one year” —
Start
- Follows the light source with his eyes ()
- Listens to the sound of the rattle, follows it with his eyes ()
- Smiles at mom ()
- Holds head (when baby)
- and back
- Reaching out to toys
- Sit ()
- Hugs ()
When mastering motor skills, at the age of one year a child should be able to:
Note to moms!
Hello girls) I didn’t think that the problem of stretch marks would affect me too, and I’ll also write about it))) But there’s nowhere to go, so I’m writing here: How did I get rid of stretch marks after childbirth? I will be very glad if my method helps you too...
- Stand confidently without support.
- Walk with the support of an adult using one (both) hands or independently ().
- Actively crawl (this does not apply to the category of babies who do not crawl at all: such children begin to walk quite early, bypassing the crawling stage, which is a variant of the norm) ().
- Crawling up and down stairs.
- Walk up the stairs with a side step with the support of an adult.
- Squat, straighten, rise to your feet from any position.
- Climb onto a bed, sofa, chair, or go down to the floor.
Cognitive development corresponds to the norm if the baby can:
- Assemble and disassemble the pyramid (by imitation of the actions of an adult and independently).
- Open and close the lids of jars and boxes, put small toys in them, take them back (by imitating the actions of an adult and independently).
- Make a “tower” of cubes.
- Can play with various household items (dishes, shoes, hats, etc.).
- Perform various actions with figurative toys: “feed”, “comb your hair”, “scold” (by imitation of the actions of an adult and independently, if a play situation has been created).
- Grasp small objects (button, eraser) with your thumb and forefinger.
- Roll a toy on wheels in front of you, roll a ball.
- Open and close cabinet doors, take out and examine various things, pull out and close drawers.
- Imitate the actions of an adult: “comb your hair,” “put on your mother’s makeup,” “blow hot,” etc.
- Imitate the actions of peers: knocking, clapping, pouring, digging sand, etc.
The emotional and social development of a child at the age of 1 year should correspond to the following indicators:
- The baby can emotionally express his feelings: kiss, hug mom, dad, favorite toy.
- Enjoy fun games with elders, new toys (sometimes a child may even be scared by the appearance of a new toy).
- Recognize all loved ones and rejoice at their arrival.
- Recognize loved ones in photographs, point with your finger where mom and dad are.
- The baby may become wary and cry when a “stranger” person appears.
- Flip through books, look at pictures with interest, point to any image (cat, dog) upon request.
- React emotionally to music: “dance”, “sing along”.
- Imitate the facial expressions of an adult.
- Express your dissatisfaction with facial expressions () to the prohibition, strict tone of an adult.
- Look in the mirror, admire your reflection, play with it, make faces.
- Imitating adults to “talk” on the phone.
When assessing a child’s speech development, experts consider two indicators: active speech and speech understanding. In one year, a child should be able to:
- Speak in “children’s” language from 2 to 10 words, to the question “Who is this?” respond in autonomous words.
- Depict familiar sounds and actions: imitate the voices of animals, answer the question “How does Vanechka cry, sing, dance?” and so on.
- Imitate (intonation), repeating new words after adults.
- Imitate familiar words spoken by peers.
- Point to one of 4 toys and one of 2 pictures upon request.
- Fulfill requests: “bring”, “give”, “put”, “close”, “open”.
- Understand the word “impossible”.
- Point to named objects in the house upon request.
- Waving a hand “bye-bye”, playing “pallets”, showing how a bird flies (waving your arms), playing the game “peek-a-boo” (covering and opening your face with your palms).
- Knows and responds to his name
By the age of one year, the baby should master the simplest everyday skills:
In general, all children are different and individual!
What should a 1 year old child be able to do?
The baby is already a year and a month old! Hot days are coming for relatives. Not only is it necessary to answer all the questions posed in infant language, but it is also necessary to keep the child from dangerous experiences. Mom and the whole family will need a good resource of love and patience.
Physical parameters
First, let's talk about the most important thing - physical health. The World Health Association has developed height and weight scales for infants of all races and both sexes. We provide data for our region.
For boys:
- height: from 73.5 to 78.4 cm;
- weight: from 8.7 to 11 kg;
- head circumference: from 44.9 to 47.6 cm;
- must have 8 front teeth.
For girls:
- height: from 70.5 to 76.8 cm;
- weight: from 8 to 10.2 kg;
- head circumference: from 43.7 to 46.4 cm;
- the child must have 8 front teeth.
A slight deviation from the norm is not a cause for alarm, but discuss more serious deviations up or down with your pediatrician, especially if the baby previously developed normally. It is better to identify serious diseases at an early stage.
Baby's sleep schedule
It is interesting that already at such a young age children begin to be divided into owls, larks and pigeons.
- Larks go to bed at 20-22 hours, but already at 4-5 they begin “working” activities, asking for the breast.
- Owls can stay awake until 11 pm, but they first wake up at 6-7 am.
- Pigeons do not have a specific regime, which confuses parents.
Most children divide their night's sleep into two parts. During the day, such babies also sleep in two stages - at least an hour each. In total, at this age, the baby should sleep 10-13 hours a day.
It is during this period that parents can identify which daily type the child belongs to. Thus, an “owl” raised early in the morning will constantly try to take a nap and catch up on the morning hours of sleep. Baby skills and abilities
Normally, a 13-month-old child not only knows how to recognize, but also demonstrates the whole gamut of human moods, feelings and actions (we recommend reading:). He will show not only love, but also independence, fear, anger, stubbornness, disobedience, and sadness. In all these manifestations, he needs the unconditional love of mom and dad, but it’s worth setting boundaries and instilling the word “no.” While the baby is very attached to his mother, he needs to be gently encouraged to communicate with other people.
- Accept your child's feelings. He has a right to them.
- If you wean, try to reward it with affection and fun. Do not wean him during illness or important changes in his life (moving, for example). During weaning, try to keep him busy with something new and exciting.
At 1 year and 1 month, children show greater activity and desire for independence. They are easier to occupy and direct. They already know how to walk on their own or with the help of adults, or crawl with amazing agility. The exploration of the home territory moves to a higher level: shelves, doors and windows are opened, everything is tasted and stuffed into the nose or ear. Some already know how to place a chair and climb quite high.
One-year-old children walk clumsily, but with great enthusiasm. They strive to walk like all the adults around them. Moreover, walking upright allows you to expand your horizons.
The baby is very proud of his new walking skill, so he uses it at any convenient time. Mommy needs to be careful because the baby becomes very curious and may be in danger What should your child be able to do?
- He sits at the table and tries to eat without adult intervention. These attempts should not be stopped, even if the child smears everything around.
- A year and a month old baby fulfills simple requests: “give me a ball”, “bring a teddy bear”, he knows the names of objects and toys.
- In addition to humming and cooing, he already forms phrases with repeated words (mom, baba, dad, bibi), imitates the voices of animals (woof, mu, meow, co-co-co). Understands important words: “na” and “give”, “yes” and “no”. Distinguishes sounds, talks to himself in infant language. Listens to his voice, changing volume and intonation.
- The child understands that he can influence objects - push, pull, grab, throw, hide. He does this with pleasure - this is his way of mastering his surroundings.
- There is already little communication with the family - the child is drawn to peers and older children, and looks at other kids while walking. Look for company - early socialization is a great benefit. Children of friends, relatives, neighbors, a company from a sandbox or a development circle provide invaluable experience in early friendship and the ability to behave in conflict.
- If your baby does not walk for a year and a month, but crawls and stands up energetically, use soft pedagogical force. Let him grab onto your fingers with both handles and move. Encourage walking with interesting things: “let's go to that toy, to that beautiful flower.” It is better to show objects at eye level so that the baby understands that in order to see a lot, you need to walk a lot. Sit on the sofa 3-4 m from the baby and stretch out your hands to him, call him. If he crawls, don’t scold him, get down on all fours, and then stand up, setting an example. Show great joy when your baby decides to come over, hug and rock him.
Children at this age are already beginning to speak more consciously, so it is much easier to understand them than before. You need to encourage these conversational skills and practice more with your baby. Developmental and auxiliary activities
Developmental activities and games are designed to facilitate and accelerate the maturation of the baby. The early development of a person has always happened the same way: he climbs as high as he can, without thinking about the return descent (we recommend reading:). Keep an eye on your child, do not leave him even for a short time: children are very reactive if they are interested in something (we recommend reading:). Take your baby down from a height, teach him to descend on his own, but without taking risks, from a low height, accompany the actions with the word “no”.
Take your child “out in public” - to shopping centers, to various playgrounds, to parks, observing safety measures (for example, during epidemics). New impressions will awaken his investigative instincts and teach him not to be afraid of new things.
Toys, suitable for ages 1 year and 1 month:
- books illustrated with bright and clear pictures, baby encyclopedias, fairy tales, talking books, etc. (we recommend reading: ). etc.;
- large toys that can be thrown and pushed (car, teddy bear, baby doll), gurneys with rattles and flashing lights, various knockers and sounds.
Effective classes for a child of 1 year and 1 full month can be very diverse. Buy a cube with slots of different geometric shapes: let the child push a star, square, triangle, etc. into the corresponding holes (see also:). d. A piggy bank into which the baby will put buttons and coins is also good (be careful not to swallow it). Show how to get a strum by shaking a piggy bank. Sound games are something worth doing every day.
Hide the toy in front of your baby in a simple way (covering it with a box, a cloth, or putting your hands behind your back). Let the baby search. Tie a bright ribbon to the toy in front of his eyes and hide it so that he can see the tip of the ribbon. If he finds it, rejoice and be amazed.
It is also useful to develop a sense of color. We lay out sheets of colored paper on the floor, placing objects and toys of the same color on them, and pronounce the names of the colors. Then we put away the toys, play with them with the child and ask him to sort them by color on a piece of paper. At 13 months he can handle this quite well.
The sense of color is very important for a child’s development - it helps to better understand the world around him and express feelings using artistic tools What can you feed your baby?
It's time to enrich your diet. Yes, your joy still has almost no teeth, but it is already able to appreciate new tastes and learn new dishes. At this age, a child develops a culinary taste. Make healthy, simple and tasty food, grind it so that there are no problems with swallowing and digestion. For example, a sandwich with butter and cheese - cut off the crusts, cut into small cubes and sprinkle with grated cheese. Let him eat on his own. By the way, there are many video recipes for kids on the Internet.
Balanced menu for 3 days:
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| Dinner |
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| Afternoon snack |
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By the age of one year, the baby should already know about 12 words. Your task is to enrich the baby’s vocabulary. How to do it? Read him as many fairy tales and poems as possible. Books must have bright pictures. So, the child will see the drawing and listen to you, thereby he will compare the images with the actions that you will tell. At this age, children already understand everything that adults tell them, but they cannot answer. Therefore, ask your child’s opinion about what you read, let him answer incomprehensibly, but this is how his speech will develop.
Special games will also help you. Show your child a cow in the picture; imitate her mooing. The same applies to other animals. This is where educational cartoons can come to your aid.
Talk to your baby without babying: he repeats after adults, copies their model of behavior, so he may begin to pronounce words incorrectly. Constantly communicate with the baby, even if he does not answer you. He must hear the correct speech of adults; this is the only way the child will speak quickly.
Understanding the world around us
One-year-old children learn about the world around them. Has your child started crawling around closets, under beds, and is he interested in many things? Rejoice, because this is how he makes new discoveries for himself. Do not scold the baby under any circumstances, but give him the opportunity to explore all the subjects that interest him. Be sure to remove all small items, otherwise your child may swallow them.
Physical development
Teach your baby to do exercises. Let these not be boring exercises, but fun dancing to dynamic music. Thus, the child will be provided with a boost of energy for the whole day. Also, do not forget about hardening procedures, which will increase the baby’s immunity.
Development of fine motor skills of hands
It is necessary to develop the fine motor skills of the baby’s hands; to do this, give him objects of different shapes and sizes. Let him feel them, turn them over, move them from hand to hand. Buy special toys, such as bead mazes. By moving them, the baby will develop fine motor skills.
Walks
While walking on the street with your child, explain to him everything that is happening around him. For example, talk about a passing tram, kittens playing, trees, plants, houses, etc. Teach your baby to distinguish colors, shapes, sizes; understand the purpose of certain objects.
Let the baby run around, play in the sandbox, and communicate with peers. Explain to him what to do and what not to do. It just seems to you that the little one doesn’t understand anything yet, but in reality this is not the case.
19 07.2016
Greetings to our dear parents! Congratulations to little readers on the advent of a new period in their lives, on the end of the first, most difficult and no less important year! Congratulations to their parents too, we wish you inspiration and joy!
Now, after a whole year of your baby’s life, you can breathe out. But don't relax! The new period symbolizes the beginning of active physical development, and for this you will need a lot of effort.
The development of speech in one-year-old children goes through a complex process from the accumulation of words and concepts through gestures to reproduction. And today we’ll talk about how to develop a child’s speech at 1 year old. But this will not be a guide from early development methods. The baby must develop in accordance with the conditions laid down by nature.
N. B. Our distant ancestors had absolutely no knowledge of psychology or pedagogy; they left nature to take care of the development of their own children, without using any techniques. What do you think helped children of the past develop, including in speech?
Parallel lines
Let your second wind open, and everything will work out. Previously, you walked with the child, now you will follow the child. The baby chooses the direction of movement. Don’t rush to turn it in the direction you want, don’t perceive it as whim or stubbornness. 
The baby is simply actively exploring the world, and what interests him is exactly where he is going. Become your child's companion, a shadow, a guide for his actions. Move in the same direction as him. Always be there.
After all, the development of a child does not happen suddenly, unexpectedly; it is also based and moves on some foundations and experience. But the baby doesn’t have much experience yet. We need to help him, push him, guide him. To do this, you need to decide in which directions to work.
Let's start with the fact that all children develop differently, some a little earlier, others later. It is generally accepted that girls develop faster. Not necessary. From my experience, I can say that from my twin, the boy developed speech and emotional development faster than his sister by the age of one year.
So, back to the fact that, first of all, speech development is:
- Passive dictionary
- Gross motor skills and gestures
- Active speech
We developed passive vocabulary starting from birth, and we continue to do this after a year. There are still so many words and concepts that the baby is not yet able to pronounce, but he is quite capable of perceiving and remembering. So we don’t close our mouths, but on the contrary, children need more and more information about the world around them every day.
The active accumulation of new words continues all the time, but the most productive period is up to 1 year 6 months. At one and a half years old Most babies master upright walking quite well, and speech development is activated with renewed vigor due to the expansion of space for exploration. 
We talked, we talk and we will talk
Before we begin to review the development of speech skills in children from one to two years old, let's make a list of the methods we use for this:
- Conversations and comments on your own actions and the actions of the child during the day.
- Reading books, poems, nursery rhymes, looking at pictures with descriptions
- Accompanying words of regime moments, preferably in rhythmic verses
- Finger exercises and games to develop fine motor skills of the hands (natural materials, modeling, feeling, etc.)
- General strengthening gymnastics and outdoor games with load on all muscle groups (crawling, climbing, overcoming obstacles, etc.)
- Creative games and exercises (magnets, drawing, playing with sand, etc.)
- Creating game situations in order to activate children's speech (questions like “What does Nikita want? Cookies or straws?”, “Where should we go with Lisa? Play?”
For kids at 1 year and 1 month we recommend games for the development of the articulatory apparatus, such as “Curious Tongue”, “Breeze” or “Pipe”. Make or buy a pinwheel out of paper or plastic that spins happily when you blow on it. Practice proper breathing by imagining a large whale (slow and deep) or a small ant (fast and shallow).
For children at 1 year and 2 months you can start showing different emotions on the face and repeat after your mother or reflection in the mirror. Teach your child to laugh heartily, be surprised, scream or call someone in a whisper. To do this, try games “It’s funny for Mom, but is it funny for Vanyusha?”, “Funny little animals” or “Oh, what is this? Oh, who is this?
Children up to 1 year and 3 months are able to learn to repeat the sounds or actions of adults, point with a hand or finger at objects of interest to them, and name the object or its characteristics in their own language. Which one, the child chooses himself. This is the first step towards generalizations. Of course, he still cannot generalize the words cup and plate as utensils.
But one word includes several concepts. For example, when saying “drink,” a baby may ask for a cup, show how a cat drinks, or actually ask for a drink. Be attentive to your child's gestures. Having noticed the pointing gesture, try to understand what the baby wants to say and offer options.
At 1 year and 4 months-5 months the child is ready for the fact that his mother will now turn to him not just with a request, but to accompany her with a small task. For example, ask your child not just to bring you a toy, but indicate which one. “Petenka, please bring mom the car that Lala rode on,” “Please give mom the stick from the big pyramid.”
N. B. It is important for a child to know and feel that he is understood. I think that the statement that if a baby is well understood, he will speak much later is not entirely true. Understanding and predicting his every desire, performing actions for him are two different things. It is important to encourage your baby to talk, try to make a request or question. Read on to find out how to do this.
One and half year- a kind of milestone, overcoming which your baby will move even faster along the ladder of development and success. Now be careful that your actions do not replace verbal communication with your baby. Continuing to actively respond to the toddler's pointing gestures, give him the opportunity to contact you. 
Try not to allow silence or silent action. The more you invest in your child now, the more you will receive in the future. Or rather, your baby will get it. The ability to communicate with people, listen and hear them, and respond adequately to different situations. These are important skills, and the primary source is you, the adults.
N. B. Let's look at a simple situation. The child stomped into the kitchen and pulled her hand into the room. At the same time, he said only one word, “Mom.” What should a mother do?
A) Silently take the baby by the hand and follow him
B) Ask what her baby wants and try to find out the reason for the request
C) Ignore the child’s request and give him a cookie, carrot or something else instead of a hand
Which option best stimulates the child to make verbal contact?
Age from 1 year and 7 months to 1 year and 9 months best suited to secure the baby’s existing knowledge and speech skills, as well as to hone words and include first sentences. To help him master this faster, help him combine single words into short sentences.
For example, you are playing with a doll. It's time for the doll to sleep. You ask the child to rock the doll. This is part of an exercise in putting passive vocabulary into action. The baby rocks the doll. Then you place the doll in the crib and cover her with a blanket. You comment: “Well done, Katyusha, you put Lyalya to bed. Quiet, quiet, shh, Lala is sleeping. Look what Lala is doing? The baby can answer “Pete” (sleeping). Correct him and repeat again “Lala is sleeping” 
Closer to two years about 1 year and 10-11 months, your little one already very quickly remembers and copies new words and syllables. Use this to reinforce his knowledge. Continue reading books with your baby and looking at large pictures. Now you can add attention to small details to already familiar pictures.
N. B. In the fairy tale “Kolobok” there is probably an illustration where the main character meets forest animals, and in addition to the characters, additional details are depicted: trees, flowers, a path, spider bugs, birds, etc. a rich vocabulary comes from descriptive stories. Use more epithets and comparisons in your speech, teach your child to associate the hare from this fairy tale with the hares in his soft corner.
The development of speech in a 2-year-old child makes a kind of leap, due to the fact that his physical shape is already quite good, he can move a lot, play outdoor games or climb to some height. This gives the opportunity and incentive to develop faster and more actively. And now it is important for parents to receive information about how to develop a child’s speech at 2 years old.
During this period of your baby’s life, from one to two years, you have done a lot of work with him and made a lot of effort. But all this did not pass without a trace, now your hero can not only show how the bear walks, but also talk about it (“Bear-toed Bear”). And the proposal for a walk is perceived with joyful exclamations of “Let's go for a walk” or “Let's go to the hill (playground, to the store, to the children, etc.) 
Now the child can express himself in the creative process. He can sculpt from dough, paint with finger paints or dance the dance of little ducklings. Over this year, he has noticeably strengthened and become much more mature. Remember that your baby will no longer be the same as today. Keep the memory of this period in photos and videos.
Related video:
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Play this game as your growing child begins to name his body parts. Touch your ears and tell your child, “I am touching my ears. Can you touch your ears?” If he doesn't understand you right away, wait a while and repeat the question. If he quickly does what you ask, use words that he usually does not hear, such as “elbows”, “chin”, “ankles”, “back”, etc., while ensuring that he also pronounced them. If your child himself touches some part of his body, name it and touch the same part of your body yourself, imitating him. The game will be even more effective if you chant, naming each of the body parts.
“Where is your head?”
Touching different parts of your baby's body and naming them will help your growing baby learn more about himself. Repeat rhythmically while playing with your baby:
Show me where your head is
Show me where your head is
One two Three,
Show me where your head is?
Say this rhyme again and again, each time naming other parts of the child’s body. When it becomes clear to you that your baby knows at least three or four parts of his body, give him a teddy bear and ask him to touch the same parts of the bear's body. If a child starts playing this game with a bear on his own, it means he has mastered the necessary concepts.
Head and shoulders
Read this poem to your child, first touching certain parts of your own body and naming them, and then repeat all this with your baby.
Head and shoulders, knees and toes,
Knees and toes.
Knees and toes.
Eyes, and ears, and mouth, and nose.
Head and shoulders, knees and toes,
Knees and toes.
Oh, how I love my baby!
After playing this game for a while, see if your baby can touch the parts of the body that you mention in the rhyme. Another option is to give him a doll and see if he can find the corresponding body parts.
"I have..."
The more your child knows about his body, the more he will understand what he is capable of doing. Together with your baby, touch different parts of the body, saying:
I have eyes to see.
(Touch your eyes.)
I have ears to hear.
(Touch your ears.)
I have legs to run.
(Run in place.)
I have hands to wave.
(Wave your arms.)
And I only have one nose.
(Touch your nose.)
I have a tongue to say “hello”
(Stick out your tongue.)
And rosy cheeks that you can tickle,
(Touch the baby's cheeks.)
Now it's time to go for a walk.
(Walk around the room.)
"Wiggle Fingers"
Sit on the floor with your child facing him. As you read the poem, wiggle your toes; stop when reading the last line.
I sat as hard as I could
He moved his fingers.
And when I'm completely tired,
"Enough!" - I told them sternly.
They don't want to calm down
Everyone is moving faster.
Then we will do this -
We will drive away the wiggler!
When you say the word “drive away,” shake your index finger. Repeat the poem, naming other parts of the body instead of fingers: elbows, nose, ears and tongue.
"Fingers, wake up"
Play this game with your child in the morning. Take his little toes in your hand, shake them gently and sing to some pleasant tune.
Toes, wake up, wake up,
I love you so much!
Tell me: "Good morning,
Good morning, good morning."
Continue singing while trying to “wake up” other parts of your baby’s body and touching them.
Fingers, wake up, wake up...
Shoulders, wake up, wake up...
Elbows, wake up, wake up...
Nose, wake up, wake up...
Soon your baby will begin to move and move these parts of his body even before you touch them.
"Little Man"
Read the poem, accompanying it with appropriate actions.
The little man ran, hurried up the hill,
(Run your fingers over the baby's head.)
I swallowed a piece of pie as I walked.
(Touch his mouth.)
His fat belly bothered him greatly,
(Tap baby on the tummy.)
He held the hat in his large hand.
(Raise his handle above your head.)
And behind him - what a disaster!
It’s not known when the pancake stuck.
(Lightly pat the baby on the butt.)
"Look at the spider"
This finger game will be fun for both you and your child. Let your fingers “walk” along his arms and legs, like a spider.
Look, the spider is climbing up the wall.
(Slowly move your fingers up your child's arm.)
Look, he's going down the web.
(Quickly move your fingers down the child's arm.)
Look, the spider is running down the hill.
(Move your fingers down the baby's leg.)
Look, the spider is sitting at the legs.
(Stop at the child's feet.)
"Look at my fingers"
Place your baby on your lap and recite the rhyme.
Look at my hands -
My fingers play, they dance.
Look at my feet -
My fingers play, they dance.
Touch your child's fingers when you mention them; when you talk about your toes, touch them. Show your baby how to move his fingers and toes in different ways: move them, shake them. Show how to interlace your fingers.
2. Games that develop communication and emotions
“Can you do that?”
Holding the baby in your arms, stand in front of a large mirror and say: “Look at the lovely baby.” While your baby is looking in the mirror, give your face reflected in the mirror different expressions. The child will not fail to copy them. Take the child’s hand and say: “Do you see the baby’s hand?” Do the same with different parts of the child's body. Kiss your baby, kiss your reflection, wink, play peek-a-boo.
"Where are you?"
Play this game while your baby is sitting in his high chair. Pretend you can't find it. Even though it's right in front of you. Ask: “Where is (child’s name)?” Having asked this, look around, in your pocket, in a drawer, under the table, behind a high chair, etc. After you have searched everything for about a minute, find the baby and express surprise: “Where are you?” Hug and kiss your baby.
"Peek-a-boo"
There are different ways to play hide and seek with your baby. Cover your eyes with your palms. Cover your child's eyes with his hands. Hang a blanket between you and your baby. Look out from behind the blanket - to the right, to the left, above and below it. Hide behind a large toy, doll, or towel. Place the baby on the bed. Throw a light blanket over it and look under it, lifting it up and down again.
"The horse is galloping"
Place your child on your lap facing you. Recite the poem.
The horse gallops and gallops across the fields,
The horse gallops and gallops through the forests.
Dust flies from under the hooves -
The horse is in a hurry to the fair.
As soon as he flew onto the bridge -
The bridge creaked loudly
Broke into two parts,
He fell straight into the river!
When you hear the words “broken” and “collapsed,” spread your legs so that your baby can “fall” between them, then immediately lift him back. Just in case, hold him by the waist. Show your child how to play this game with a doll or stuffed animal.
"Where I am?"
Tell your child that you will hide now. Hide behind a chair or under a table. It is very important that your child sees where you are hiding: then he will be able to find you. When you hide, start singing a simple song to the tune you like:
Can you find me
Find me, find me?
Where am I, where am I?
Maybe I'm under the table?
Under the table, under the table?
Where am I, where am I?
When your baby finds you and reaches out to you, give him a tight hug. As you continue the game, hide in various places in this and other rooms. Your child will learn to walk from room to room without fear and learn more about where he lives.
“Knock and knock with heels, we’re going up the hill”
Recite the rhyme while holding the child on your lap.
Knock and click of a heel,
This is us going up the hill.
Jump up, jump down,
In the snow it’s a somersault.
While you read the first two lines, gently toss your baby up and down. When you say “up-jump,” raise it high. Ask him to raise his arms above his head. When you say “down-jump,” lower the child down. When you say: “The snowball is a somersault,” start tossing it again.
“The boat is sailing, sailing...”
Sit on the floor facing your child. Spread his legs slightly to the sides and place yours on them. Take his hands and start rocking back and forth. Lean forward until your child's back touches the floor, then return him to the starting position. Sing a song to accompany this game.
The boat is sailing, sailing,
Golden ship
Lucky, lucky gifts,
Gifts for you and me.
"Little Rabbit"
Recite the poem and use your hands to imitate what the little bunny is doing. Raise your index and middle fingers up to represent the long ears of a baby rabbit, bend your thumb, ring and little fingers towards your palm. (Then you will form a “V” from the two raised fingers.)
Here, on the top of my head,
The baby rabbit has long ears.
(Draw the ears of a baby rabbit.)
A pink nose adorns it.
(Touch your thumb.)
This is how he jumps when he runs away.
(Image a little rabbit jumping.)
And he runs fast all day long.
And so he barely wanders.
(Move your rabbit hand up to your chin.)
And he instantly falls asleep, closing his eyes.
(Close your eyes.)
Bend their little paws.
(Pet the little rabbit.)
“What are we going to do with the baby, huh?”
Bounce the child on your lap and recite the rhyme:
What will we do with the baby, huh?
What will we do with the baby, huh?
What will we do with the baby, huh?
Let's take him to dad.
(Grip your child tightly and lower him down between your knees.)
What will we do with the baby, huh?
What will we do with the baby, huh?
What will we do with the baby, huh?
Let's take him to dad.
(Hug the child tightly and lift him high.)
When reciting the rhyme for the third time, say the baby’s name and end with the words: “Let’s tickle his tummy.”
"Give it back to me please"
Sit on the floor opposite your child. Give him some toy he likes and say: “This is for you.” After the baby has looked at it, touched it and studied it in every possible way, say: “Give it back to me, please.” The child must give you the toy. Repeat the game.
"Fox's Hole"
Sit on the floor with your child on your lap facing you. Clench your hand tightly into a fist and tell your baby that there is a fox hole inside. Place your child's finger between your fingers and inside the fist. Then open your hand and say: “The fox is not at home! The fox will return when it finds a bone somewhere.” Pretend that you are chewing your baby's finger :)
3. Games that encourage creativity
Fun with beans in bags
These bags make excellent toys for babies. They are gentle, safe and encourage creativity. Think about what you can do with these bags when playing with your child. Drop them. Collect in a heap. Place them on your head. Place them on your back. Place them on your stomach. Lying on your back with your legs elevated, balance with a bag placed on each foot. Throw them into some box, etc.
Paper bag cubes
You will need several paper grocery bags and plenty of newspapers. Ask your child to help you crumple up the newspapers and then stuff them into paper bags. Once all the bags are full, tie them tightly with ribbon or string. These bags can be used as lightweight cubes that are easy for your child to move around. Together with your child, come up with different ways to use these cubes: place them one on top of the other, place them close to one another, make a circle out of them, throw them back and forth.
Draw different funny faces on the bags and turn them into puppet theater actors.
Doodle game
Giving your child pens and crayons will encourage him to draw. Never mind that at first it will be just scribbles. This activity develops coordination of eye and hand movements, which is so important for further development. Watching and participating in your child's initial creativity can be a fun experience for you and your baby. Sit at the table with your child. Place sheets of drawing paper on the table for you and your child. Show your child how to hold a pencil and start drawing on your own paper. The child will imitate you. Compliment the lines and squiggles he drew. Tell your child that he drew a beautiful picture, mark individual shapes, for example: “I really like that red circle in your drawing.” Games like this captivate children, capture their entire being and develop self-respect in them.
"Cha-cha-cha"
Place pebbles or other objects that make loud noises in a metal can. Close the lid tightly and make sure there are no sharp edges on the jar. Give the jar to the child and let him shake it while you sing a song. Conclude the song by singing the words to the same tune: “One, two, cha-cha-cha.” Show your baby how to shake the jar to the cha-cha-cha rhythm. Repeat all this several times. Soon your child will understand how to shake the jar to the cha-cha-cha rhythm.
Songs with a jingling bell
Bells are a wonderful accompaniment for songs. Bells and bells sound different in music, in school, or on ships. Very suitable for accompanying the ringing of bells and the children's rhyme “That's it, well, well! "When humming it, ring the bell before the beginning of each line.
Just like that, well, well!
The bull jumped on the moon
The cat played the violin
The dog laughed loudly,
And plates, bowls, spoons
Let's gallop along the path!
Try ringing the bell at both a fast and slow pace.
Drawing different figures
You will need a large sheet of drawing paper and a pencil. Sit with your child at the table or on the floor. Draw a circle on paper with a pencil. Then give the pencil to the child and move his hand with the pencil along the paper, trying to draw a circle. Tell him when you finish: “What a good picture it turned out.” In the same way, help your child draw other shapes and repeat each time: “What a good picture it turned out to be.” Draw zigzag lines, let your child use the pencil freely, etc. Kids love this game, it's entertaining enough to keep coming back to it again. Your child will most likely give you a pencil and say: “Now you draw.” Each time you start this game, take a pencil of a different color - this will help your child learn to distinguish colors. Use soft pencils - they are easier for the child to handle.
Drawing outdoors
Fill a pie pan with sand or salt and take it out into the yard or garden. Invite your child to paint with his fingers on this “soil”. When he gets tired of this activity, shake the baking sheet and the drawings will disappear. Take out into the yard or garden an easel or just a stand for a future drawing, as well as paints and kits. Let your little one try painting on an easel. When he's finished, hang the sheet of paper out to dry.
4. Games that expand your understanding of the world around you
A game that develops the concept of color
The first step to being able to identify colors is to match objects by color. Sit on the floor with your child and roll a toy car. Choose a red or blue car. After you and your baby have played with this car for a while, take a different color car and play with it. Now take two sheets of paper of the same colors as the cars, spread the sheets of paper on the floor and place a car of the corresponding color on each of them. Remove the cars from the paper and have your child place the cars on matching colored pieces of paper. When playing this game, be sure to name each of the colors you choose. Systematic play with colors will develop your child's skill in finding the appropriate color.
Toy carrying game
Place two large containers on opposite sides of the room. Fill one of the containers with toys. You will also need a third container that is easy to move, such as a basket with a handle. Show your child how to transfer toys from a full container into a basket, then carry the basket across the room and dump those toys into another empty container. He may have to make more than one trip with the basket and empty it more than once. When your baby pours the toys out of the basket, say: “That’s it!” Repeat the game. Every time your baby unloads the basket, say: “That’s it!” As you repeat this game many times, try to use the words “empty” and “full.”
"What smells?"
Draw your child's attention to the smells in the kitchen. This is especially easy when you are baking something in the oven. Place your baby in a high chair and place different types of food in front of him for him to smell. Show your child a lemon and say, “This is a lemon.” Smell it and say, “Mmmm, it smells good!” Hold the lemon up to your baby's nose and tell him to smell it.
"Satisfied legs"
Walking barefoot on different surfaces helps your child develop eye-foot coordination.
Walk barefoot on smooth pebbles. Talk to your baby about how your feet feel. Walk barefoot on the sand. Notice that you experience different sensations when you walk on pebbles than on sand.
Try walking barefoot on cushions, logs, grass, cement, brick and other surfaces. Each time you move onto a new surface, you force your body to adapt to it, which in turn develops coordination between your eye and leg movements.
We walk and study colors
Walk around the room with your child. Choose a toy of some color and take it with you. Find one or two objects that are the same color as the toy. Talk about what you found, for example: "Daddy's yellow tie is the same color as your yellow ball" or "Mommy's blue blouse is the same color as your blue cube." You can modify this game: take a large basket and walk around the room with it, collecting toys and other objects of the same color in it.
Look carefully
Sit down with your child and explain to him that you are going to do something special. Taking an orange in your hand, name it and say what color it is. Give the orange to the baby. Let him smell and feel it. Talk about the smell of the orange and how it feels (rough, cool, etc.). Peel the orange and break it. Show individual slices to your child. Give him a slice of orange and show him the thin film in which it is enclosed and the seeds. Eat one slice and ask your child if he would like to try an orange too.
5. Just useful games :)
“Where is the bear?”
Tie one end of a long ribbon around your baby's favorite teddy bear and hide it in a closet (closet, etc.) Close the closet door, and take the ribbon out from under the door, stretch it over and under the furniture, as well as under and over other objects in the room. Tell your child: “Look for the bear.” Help him take the ribbon and follow it in search of the bear. Your child will certainly love this game. Play it many times and as you walk, following the ribbon, say where it is, for example: “The ribbon is behind the chair,” or “The ribbon is under the rug,” etc. When you find the bear, hug it tightly and say: “Teddy bear, dear! We are so glad we found you!”
"Together with the bear"
You can do a lot with your baby together with the bear: rock the bear in your arms; kiss the bear; lift it high up; tickle the bear's tummy... At the end of the game, be sure to ask the bear to wave goodbye.
"Listen, bear..."
Tell your baby that you are starting to play with the bear and that the bear will do whatever you ask it to do. Recite the poem:
Bear, raise your paws.
Bear, put your paws down.
Teddy bear, bear, spin around.
And then touch the ground
And rub your tummy
One, two, three, one, two, three!
While reading the poem, do all the exercises with the bear and ask the child to do the same with the bear.
"Climbing the Tower"
After playing this game with your child, show him how to play it with the teddy bear. Place your baby on your lap and raise one of his arms high. Then, while reciting the rhyme, move the fingers of your other hand up the child’s arm.
Step by step
I must hurry now
To the top of the old tower,
To ring a bell:
Ding dong,
Ding dong.
When you say “ding-dong,” gently shake your baby’s hand as if you were ringing a bell. Depict a ringing bell in different ways: shake the child’s hand or one finger, you can also clench and unclench your fingers. Repeat the game with a bear or other animals. Your baby will have fun playing it with the teddy bear.
Fun with a bear
Give your child his favorite teddy bear or other animal. Tell him to put the bear on the chair. If he can do it well, praise him. Now ask your child to place the bear in other, different places: on the floor, table, bookshelf, etc. read the poem and act in accordance with its content:
If the bear wants to eat,
He must sit at the table.
He wants to read a book -
I'll put a bear on the chair.
So that he goes for a walk,
I'll put him on the floor.
So that my bear sleeps sweetly,
I'll put him to bed.
Playing with a doll
This is a great game while waiting for food. Give your child his favorite doll or some animal. Ask him about the doll: “Is she hungry?”, “Is she sleeping?” Tell your child to do with the doll what you say: “Kiss the doll” or “Hug it tight”, “Rock it”, “Give the doll some milk”, “Can you give it a bath?”, “Change it”. her diapers."
All these instructions will awaken a sense of responsibility in your baby. And if he does them with joy, his auditory skills will develop to a greater extent.
"High" and "Low"
Sit on a chair and place your child on your lap so that his face is facing you. Say: “High, high,” and, hugging the baby tightly, lift him high. Now say: “Low, low.” Spread your legs and gently lower your baby to the floor, holding him tightly. After doing this several times, ask your baby what he wants - to be “high” or “low”. And do what he prefers. Once your baby learns to play this game, encourage him to play it on his own with his toy animals.
Fun with a wrist puppet
With the help of a small wrist doll, you can come up with many games for your child. After you show him these games, he will play them on his own. Put the doll on your hand and talk to your baby in a changed voice. Ask him about himself: “What is your name?”, “Can you wave goodbye?” and so on. Give the doll to your child and show him different ways to play with it: “Can you put the doll down?”, “Can you put it to sleep?”, “Can you make it jump?”
6. Developmental activities with objects
Activities with boxes
Activities with boxes and boxes can provide hours of fun for your child. Gather together several small toys and plastic boxes. Give your child a big box. Let him throw toys in and out of it. Cut out different geometric shapes (circles, squares, triangles) from the lid of the box. Give your child these shapes and see if he can fit them into the corresponding holes in the box lid. Give your child several boxes of different sizes and help him stack them on top of each other. He will soon understand that the largest box should be placed down.
Attach a clothespin
Remove the lid from a large jar or similar container that does not have sharp or jagged edges. Show your child how to attach a plastic clothespin to the edge of a jar. Give him some clothespins for this activity, and then show him how to throw the clothespins into the jar. Children are fascinated by this game, which perfectly develops coordination between the eyes and hands.
Building cubes
Sit on the floor with your child. Place one cube and say: “I put one cube on the floor.” Add another cube to it and say: “I put two cubes on the floor.” Do the same with the third cube. Collapse a tower of cubes. Let the child build it again; if necessary, help him. As the child's coordination increases, the height of the tower will become larger.
Matching Forms
Punch holes in the top of the box or plastic coffee can lid to match the shape of the household items you choose. Take round, triangular and square objects such as a spool of thread, plastic curlers, cookie cutters, etc. Place a box or jar in front of your child and invite him to “explore” it with his hands. Throw one of the items inside the jar through the matching hole. Now give the baby the same object and, guiding his hand with yours, help him find the appropriate hole. Repeat the game with all selected items. Now let your baby take care of this matter himself.
Mishkin train
Find several boxes large enough to hold your teddy bear and other stuffed animals. Tie the boxes with strong ribbon or rope. Ask the bear if he wants to ride the train. Ask your child to place the bear in the box. Ask your child if he would like to ride any other animals. Give the rope to your baby and see if he can pull the train while you say:
Mishkin train, Mishkin train,
Chu-chu-chu. Mishkin train, Mishkin train.
Chu-chu-chu. The train went faster.
(Speak and draw faster.)
The train went slower
(Speak and draw slower.)
He arrives at the station,
(Speak very slowly.)
STOP!
Try to break it
Children of this age love to tear various objects into pieces. This game is good to play in the kitchen, where you can be especially close to your child and watch him. Collect old magazines, tissue paper, wrapping paper, and foil. Each of these types of paper is very interesting to tear, because it is accompanied by different sounds and, in addition, they all have a different feel. Show your child how to tear the paper and throw it into the box. Since children of this age love to put everything in their mouths, keep a close eye on your baby. Roll a piece of paper into a ball and throw it. Show your child how it's done. If he can't make a paper ball, make one yourself and give it to your child to throw.
Playing with tied toys
Sitting on a high chair, your child would happily play with toys. But throwing objects on the floor is no less interesting. Tie some toys with ropes. Tie the other end of each rope to a chair. This will allow the child to play without throwing toys on the floor. Note: Make sure that the ropes are not long and cannot accidentally wrap around your baby's neck. Your child will also be faced with the task of pulling the rope to get this or that toy.
Fun with rice
Playing with rice is a great activity for children of this age. It helps them understand how to taste and smell something and also develops their sense of touch. Cook and cool some rice. Place the rice in a large plastic bowl. Give your child the cups and spoons he will need for this game. Show him how to fill cups, spoon rice, pick up individual grains - the latter develops motor coordination - and taste them.
Watch him fall
Once your baby learns to pick up and hold objects, he needs to learn to let go of them. It is very convenient to do this if the child is sitting in his high chair. From there he will be able to clearly see how certain objects fall from his hands. Give your baby several objects of different sizes and weights. Let him take from and throw. Feathers, plastic lids, cubes, ping-pong balls, and toys that make a sound when dropped are good for this. Kids enjoy playing this game.
7. Games that develop self-care skills
Playing with a doll
The proposed exercises are difficult for growing children, as they require them to listen and act at the same time. However, this game is good for developing such skills. Give the child his favorite doll (or some rag animal) and ask him to find certain parts of its body. Ask where the doll's head, ears, legs, tummy, etc. are. Let him do a number of characteristic actions with the doll: combing his hair; tickles the tummy; washes the face; brushing his teeth. During this game, your baby will develop not only auditory perception skills, but also those practical everyday skills that you instill in him.
"Together with the bear"
The bear can be used to develop self-care skills in a growing baby. Talk “as equals” with the bear and your own child, for example, in this way: “Katya, do you like drinking from a cup?”, “Bear, do you like drinking from a cup?” Pretend that you are giving water to a bear.
"Sweeping the floor"
Help your growing baby imitate what he sees around him; this will prepare him for the more serious games you'll keep him busy with as he gets older. Find pictures of what you do in the kitchen - washing dishes, eating, sweeping, cooking, etc. Show these pictures to your child and tell them about each of them. Take one of the pictures and ask your child what it shows. If he still has a very small vocabulary, then ask the question in such a way that the baby can answer in one word. For example: “Is mommy sweeping the floor?” After you talk, start doing the work shown in the picture: “Now mom will sweep the floor.” Ask your child to help you.
"Little Man in a Dark Mine"
Children of this age usually do not like to put clothes on and off over their heads. Perhaps this rhyme will make this operation more enjoyable. First of all, free the baby’s hands from clothes, and then start saying:
Little man in a dark mine
(Take your clothes and get ready to pull them over your head.)
He works with a pickaxe - knock, knock, knock,
(Gently touch his head three times through his clothes.)
Now he's coming out, now he's coming out
From the dark mine into the light, into the light.
(Throw away the clothes you took off and say: “Baby, hello.”)
8. Games that develop speech
Happy and sad dolls
Find two unpainted and unvarnished wooden spoons. On one of them, draw a cheerful face, and on the other, a sad one. Use markers for this. Sit on a chair with your child on your lap. Take a spoon with a cheerful face and say all sorts of nonsense:
Oh, what a wonderful day!.. You are such a lovely baby!.. etc.
Now take the sad-faced spoon and change the tone of your voice accordingly. Sounds like “boo-boo” or “wa-wa” appeal to little kids. Ask your child what voice he wants to hear - happy or sad. Give him a spoon and let him say something. Receive with delight any sounds he makes.
"Hello, who's talking?"
Take a toy phone that your child can play with himself or with you. Say “ding ding” as if the phone is ringing and pick up the phone. When you talk to an imaginary person (one known to the child, say, your parents or a friend), talk to the child at the same time. For example, say: “Hello, grandfather!”, and when addressing the child, say: “This is your grandfather.” Talk about things that the child understands - about visiting, about food or possible plans for that day. Rest assured that the baby will understand what we are talking about. Finally, say “Goodbye” and hang up. Give the phone to your child and let him have an imaginary conversation.
"Take it and bring it"
Place an object your child is familiar with (such as a toy or household item) at the other end of the room. Ask your child to bring it to you: “Please bring the doll.” When he brings this item, reinforce the size of his “feat” with praise and a tight hug. Increase the challenge by adding multiple items. For example, put a hat, a shoe and a block on the other side of the room and ask your child to bring you the shoe. Ask him to bring you other items from those in the room. To further complicate the task, you can slightly change its conditions and hide the object under a chair, in one of the corners, behind a pillow, but so that this happens in front of the child.
Dictionary
Growing kids expand their vocabulary every day. Sometimes they say new words, and sometimes they even make them up, but they understand a lot. Choose a few of your baby's favorite words and match them with corresponding pictures - cars, dogs, etc. Show the pictures to your child and ask what he sees in them. Paste these pictures onto separate sheets of paper and make a “dictionary book”. Your child will love to look at this “book” both with you and independently.
"The bear went to the mountains"
You will need a bench (or a stable stool) to serve as the “mountain” for this game. It is important that your baby reaches its top edge, standing up to his full height. Sit on one side of the bench with your baby and his teddy bear. On the other side, place one of the toys - for example, a ball. Start singing “Our bear went to the mountains” to any tune you like. While you sing, the bear should “climb” onto the bench and “descend” on the other side.
Our bear went to the mountains,
Our bear went to the mountains,
What did you find there, little bear?
Ask: “What did you find there, bear?” And answer: “Oh, you found the ball!” Play the game again, placing the new toy on the other side of the “mountain.” Ultimately, your baby will really want to tell you what the bear found.
“It suddenly started raining”
When bathing your child, recite this poem, doing everything in accordance with it.
It’s raining, it’s suddenly raining,
Squish, squelch, squish. (Splash your hand in the water.)
It’s raining, it’s suddenly raining,
Drip, drip, drip (Spray the child with droplets of water.)
He is ready to walk without clouds all day long, (Tap your fingers on the water.)
My sweetie will quickly wash everything away. (Wash your baby with a washcloth.)
After you play this game during your next bath, allow your child to splash in the water himself. When the baby learns to do all this on his own, let him try to pronounce the words: “squelch-squish”, “drip-drip”.
"Fingers are talking"
This game is good to play when you are waiting for a doctor's appointment or in other similar situations. Draw funny faces on your fingertips. Move your fingers back and forth, pretending that your “dolls” are talking. By changing the intonation and timbre of your voice, you will give your baby great pleasure. The “puppet” fingers can ask for something, ask questions and even sing songs.
Prepared by: Marina Lanzburg.
In preparation, materials were used from Jackie Silberg’s books “Entertaining games with children from one to two years old”: Trans. from English-M.: “ECOPROSS”, “Publishing Center”, 1997; M. Segal, D. Adcock “A child plays from one to two years”, St. Petersburg: Peter Press, 1996.